
However, by changing the variances that are included in the ratio, the F-test becomes a very flexible test.

Unsurprisingly, the F-test can assess the equality of variances. The term “ mean squares” may sound confusing but it is simply an estimate of population variance that accounts for the degrees of freedom (DF) used to calculate that estimate.ĭespite being a ratio of variances, you can use F-tests in a wide variety of situations. However, many analyses actually use variances in the calculations.į-statistics are based on the ratio of mean squares. For us humans, standard deviations are easier to understand than variances because they’re in the same units as the data rather than squared units. Variance is the square of the standard deviation. Larger values represent greater dispersion. Variances are a measure of dispersion, or how far the data are scattered from the mean. The F-statistic is simply a ratio of two variances. What are F-statistics and the F-test?į-tests are named after its test statistic, F, which was named in honor of Sir Ronald Fisher. In this post, I’ll show you how ANOVA and F-tests work using a one-way ANOVA example.īut wait a minute.have you ever stopped to wonder why you’d use an analysis of variance to determine whether means are different? I'll also show how variances provide information about means.Īs in my posts about understanding t-tests, I’ll focus on concepts and graphs rather than equations to explain ANOVA F-tests. ANOVA uses F-tests to statistically test the equality of means.

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) can determine whether the means of three or more groups are different.
